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背景介绍
MySQL目前还没有像Oracle数据库那样强大有闪回的功能,MySQL只能通过挖去binlog日志的方法来获取数据,但是有个前提就是binlog_format必须设置成row。下面通过一个案例来演示。 注意:严禁在生产环境测试表结构
测试的表结构如下:CREATE TABLE update_test
(
id
int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, user_id
varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘’, vote_num
int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘0’, group_id
int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘0’, status
tinyint(2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘1’, create_time
datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ‘创建时间’ , PRIMARY KEY (id
), KEY index_user_id
(user_id
) USING HASH ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 修改数据 插入和修改测试数据,对user_id字段的内容进行了修改。 insert into update_test (Select * from recordss_memory limit 20);
查看修改前的数据:
root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:56:12>select * from update_test;
±—±------------±---------±---------±-------±--------------------+
| id | user_id | vote_num | group_id | status | create_time | ±—±------------±---------±---------±-------±--------------------+ | 1 | ddddddddddd | 4502 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 2 | ddddddddddd | 5564 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 3 | ddddddddddd | 3521 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 4 | ddddddddddd | 1414 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 5 | ddddddddddd | 8047 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 6 | ddddddddddd | 5556 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 7 | ddddddddddd | 7166 | 1 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 8 | ddddddddddd | 3277 | 2 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 9 | ddddddddddd | 8658 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 10 | ddddddddddd | 4146 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 11 | ddddddddddd | 7906 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 12 | ddddddddddd | 512 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 13 | ddddddddddd | 7493 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 14 | ddddddddddd | 5583 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 15 | ddddddddddd | 4273 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 16 | ddddddddddd | 1117 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 17 | ddddddddddd | 3936 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 18 | ddddddddddd | 4735 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 19 | ddddddddddd | 2505 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 20 | ddddddddddd | 2523 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | ±—±------------±---------±---------±-------±--------------------+ 20 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:56:49>show master logs;
±-----------------±----------+
| Log_name | File_size | ±-----------------±----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 536871032 | | mysql-bin.000002 | 536871341 | | mysql-bin.000003 | 197210338 | ±-----------------±----------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:57:29> show binary logs;
±-----------------±----------+
| Log_name | File_size | ±-----------------±----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 536871032 | | mysql-bin.000002 | 536871341 | | mysql-bin.000003 | 197210338 | ±-----------------±----------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:57:54> update update_test set user_id='ture';root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:59:05>select * from update_test;
±—±--------±---------±---------±-------±--------------------+
| id | user_id | vote_num | group_id | status | create_time | ±—±--------±---------±---------±-------±--------------------+ | 1 | ture | 4502 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 2 | ture | 5564 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 3 | ture | 3521 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 4 | ture | 1414 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 5 | ture | 8047 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 6 | ture | 5556 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 7 | ture | 7166 | 1 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 8 | ture | 3277 | 2 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 9 | ture | 8658 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 10 | ture | 4146 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 11 | ture | 7906 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 12 | ture | 512 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 13 | ture | 7493 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 14 | ture | 5583 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 15 | ture | 4273 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 16 | ture | 1117 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 17 | ture | 3936 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 18 | ture | 4735 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 19 | ture | 2505 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | | 20 | ture | 2523 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 | ±—±--------±---------±---------±-------±--------------------+ 20 rows in set (0.00 sec)root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0110:59:11>show binary logs;
±-----------------±----------+
| Log_name | File_size | ±-----------------±----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 536871032 | | mysql-bin.000002 | 536871341 | | mysql-bin.000003 | 197211765 | ±-----------------±----------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)挖取binlog日志
通过mysqlbinlog命令来查看修改的内容。/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS mysql-bin.000003 | grep -B 15 'ture'| more
内容如下
```javaat 197210475 #200610 10:59:05 server id 1023306 end_log_pos 197210536 CRC32 0xee919b04 Rows_query # update update_test set user_id='ture' # at 197210536 #200610 10:59:05 server id 1023306 end_log_pos 197210598 CRC32 0xeb431251 Table_map: `tc01`.`update_test` mapped to number 120 # at 197210598 #200610 10:59:05 server id 1023306 end_log_pos 197211734 CRC32 0x5f211a8d Update_rows: table id 120 flags: STMT_END_F ### UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test` ### WHERE ### @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @2='ddddddddddd' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @3=4502 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @4=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### SET ### @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @2='ture' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @3=4502 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @4=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test` ### WHERE ### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @2='ddddddddddd' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @3=5564 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @4=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### SET ### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @2='ture' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @3=5564 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @4=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */ ..........................
找出位置后,把binlog的记录导出来。/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS mysql-bin.000003 | sed -n '/# at 197210598/,/COMMIT/p' > ./update_test.txt 这些是误操作之前的数据### @1=19 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ddddddddddd' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=2505 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=0 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */这些是误操作之后的数据### @1=19 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @2='ture' /* VARSTRING(60) meta=60 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @3=2505 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @4=0 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @5=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */### @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' /* DATETIME(0) meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */替换成需要的SQL语句下一步转换成需要的SQL语句:```java```javased '/WHERE/{:a;N;/SET/!ba;s/\([^\n]*\)\n\(.*\)\n\(.*\)/\3\n\2\n\1/}' update_test.txt|sed -r '/WHERE/{:a;N;/@6/!ba;s/### @2.*//g}'|sed 's/### //g;s/\/\*.*/,/g' | sed '/WHERE/{:a;N;/@1/!ba;s/,/;/g};s/#.*//g;s/COMMIT,//g'|sed '/^$/d' > ./update_test_recover.sql SQL内容如下:[mysql@tc02 binlog]$ cat update_test_recover.sql UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET @1=1 , @2='ddddddddddd' , @3=4502 , @4=2 , @5=1 , @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE @1=1 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET @1=2 , @2='ddddddddddd' , @3=5564 , @4=1 , @5=1 , @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE @1=2 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET @1=3 , @2='ddddddddddd' , @3=3521 , @4=2 , @5=1 , @6='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE @1=3 ;..................................................需要进一步替换@1,@2,@3…@6.CREATE TABLE `update_test` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_id` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `vote_num` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `group_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `status` tinyint(2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '1', `create_time` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间' , PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `index_user_id` (`user_id`) USING HASH) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;根据这个表结构替换:sed -i 's/@1/id/g;s/@2/user_id/g;s/@3/vote_num/g;s/@4/group_id/g;s/@5/status/g;s/@6/create_time/g' update_test_recover.sql 修改后的内容如下:UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET id=1 , user_id='ddddddddddd' , vote_num=4502 , group_id=2 , status=1 , create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE id=1 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET id=2 , user_id='ddddddddddd' , vote_num=5564 , group_id=1 , status=1 , create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE id=2 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET id=3 , user_id='ddddddddddd' , vote_num=3521 , group_id=2 , status=1 , create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' ,WHERE id=3 ; .................................... .....................................
生成恢复用的SQL语句还有一个问题,就是需要把create_time后面的逗号去掉。使用下面的命令:sed -i -r 's/(create_time=.*),/\1/g' update_test_recover.sql 查看内容如下:UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET id=1 , user_id='ddddddddddd' , vote_num=4502 , group_id=2 , status=1 , create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' WHERE id=1 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET id=2 , user_id='ddddddddddd' , vote_num=5564 , group_id=1 , status=1 , create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' WHERE id=2 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET id=3 , user_id='ddddddddddd' , vote_num=3521 , group_id=2 , status=1 , create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' WHERE id=3 ;UPDATE `tc01`.`update_test`SET id=4 , user_id='ddddddddddd' , vote_num=1414 , group_id=0 , status=1 , create_time='2020-06-04 11:34:17' WHERE id=4 ; ............................ ..............................满足了条件之后,我们执行语句:root@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0111:33:29>source update_test_recover.sqlroot@localhost#mysql.sock : tc0111:34:14>select * from `tc01`.`update_test`;+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| id | user_id | vote_num | group_id | status | create_time |+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+| 1 | ddddddddddd | 4502 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 2 | ddddddddddd | 5564 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 3 | ddddddddddd | 3521 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 4 | ddddddddddd | 1414 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 5 | ddddddddddd | 8047 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 6 | ddddddddddd | 5556 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 7 | ddddddddddd | 7166 | 1 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 8 | ddddddddddd | 3277 | 2 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 9 | ddddddddddd | 8658 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 10 | ddddddddddd | 4146 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 11 | ddddddddddd | 7906 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 12 | ddddddddddd | 512 | 0 | 2 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 13 | ddddddddddd | 7493 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 14 | ddddddddddd | 5583 | 1 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 15 | ddddddddddd | 4273 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 16 | ddddddddddd | 1117 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 17 | ddddddddddd | 3936 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 18 | ddddddddddd | 4735 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 19 | ddddddddddd | 2505 | 0 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 || 20 | ddddddddddd | 2523 | 2 | 1 | 2020-06-04 11:34:17 |+----+-------------+----------+----------+--------+---------------------+20 rows in set (0.00 sec)恢复到了修改之前的记录,本次恢复测试完成。
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